Chapter 1b - Turtle
Turtleβ
We first need to import turtle so we can start using turtle functions
import turtle
What is Turtle? π’
a pre-installed Python library that enables users to create pictures and shapes by providing them with a virtual canvas
What is a library? π
In python libraries are a collection of modules, containing code that can be used in different programs.
Analogy: Suppose you have a set of questions about Biology, I don't know much about biology, so Ideally I would like to invite (import) a biology teacher to our class so you can ask him biology questions.
#The biology teacher library probably doesn't exist, but this is just to show how this would it would translate in code
import biology_teacher
# We invite our biology teacher to the room
biology_teacher.askBiologyQuestion("Can I turn my cat into diamond?")
# and now we are asking our biology teacher a biology related question
Why is it useful? Is useful to have libraries as a way to get access to precreated code that can help us accelerate our programming (so we can focus on creating what we want instead of the details of something)
Drawing a circleβ
import turtle
turtle.circle (100) # draws a circle with radius 100
π§ͺ Try the code out!
Moving to Coordinates πΊβ
We can out the pen down when we are ready to draw
import turtle
turtle.goto(20, 20)
turtle.goto(-30, 50)
# turtle.home() #goes to (0,0)
What are coordinates?
π§ͺ Try the code out!
import turtle
turtle.circle (50, 180) # draws a semi-circle (first parameter is radius, second is degrees)
π§ͺ Try the code out!
πββοΈ What do you think we would need to do in order to draw a quarter-circle with 40 of radio?
import turtle
turtle.circle (50, 360/4) # or 90
π§ͺ Try the code out!
Turtle Shape π’ βͺ β¬β
We can change how the pen looks like
turtle.shape('arrow')
turtle.shape('turtle')
turtle.shape('circle')
turtle.shape('square')
turtle.shape('triangle')
turtle.shape('classic')
π§ͺ Try the code out!
Picking the Pen up and down ββ
turtle.penup()
turtle.circle (40, 360/4)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.circle (40, 360/4)
π§ͺ Try the code out!
Colorsβ
turtle.color("yellow") # is used to set the colour of the drawn line
turtle.fillcolor("yellow") # is used to set the color that should be used to fill the drawn figure
π§ͺ Try the code out!
Speed πββοΈβ
turtle.speed(5) # speed varies from 0 to 10
turtle.speed(0) # 10 is the fastest, and speed increases from 1 to 10
π§ͺ Try the code out!
Widthβ
You can change the width using something like:
turtle.width(5)
Example:
import turtle
turtle.goto(20, 20)
turtle.width(5)
turtle.goto(-30, 50)
Hiding and Showing Turtleβ
turtle.hideturtle() # Hides the turtle
turtle.showturtle() # Shows the turtle
Challange Time β¨: Turtle Assigmentβ
- This is the graphic that needs to be created:
- Before creating the graphic, think about how you will create it. Break down the graphics - How many shapes are there? What are their colors? What are their sizes? Is the turtle visible in the graphic? How should the Python lines of code be sequenced in order to get this image?
- Write down the instructions needed to create this graphic in the Instructions window of your Trinket.
- After completion, share the link / embed the Trinket.